Generally, FM demodulators are not affected by amplitude variations, since the baseband is contained in the frequency deviations. This is commonly referred to as the FM capture effect. If two or more signals are received at the same time, a high-performance limiter stage can greatly reduce the effect of the weaker signals on the output. This stage provides a constant level of signal to the FM demodulator stage, reducing the effect of input signal level changes to the output. In FM radio Īn FM radio receiver usually has at least one stage of amplification that performs a limiting function. PIN diodes can be used in limiter circuits to reflect the energy back to the source or clip the signal. Electric guitar amps do not usually have limiters. In amplifiers īass instrument amplifiers and power amplifiers are more commonly equipped with limiter circuitry to prevent overloading the power amplifier and to protect speakers. Treatments in order of decreasing severity range from clipping, in which a signal is passed through normally but sheared off when it would normally exceed a certain threshold soft clipping which squashes peaks instead of shearing them a hard limiter, a type of variable-gain audio level compression, in which the gain of an amplifier is changed very quickly to prevent the signal from going over a certain amplitude or a soft limiter which reduces maximum output through gain compression.
Limiting can refer to a range of treatments designed to limit the maximum level of a signal.
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